
How your ears work

Organization of the enteric component of the visceral motor system.

Sleep stages
![Visual areas of the brain, MRI scan
[source]](http://25.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_l49lv5k9wI1qa6reco1_400.jpg)
Visual areas of the brain, MRI scan
[source]

SIGHT Route of the visual information in the brain. Departure of the information : vision field. Receptor : eye (via the ganglion cells of the retina ; X cells : color et acuity, Y cells : movement, W cells : pupillary reflex). Route of the visual information through the optic nerve, the optic chiasma, the lateral geniculate nucleus (thalamus), the optic radiations and the primary visual cortex (occipital lobe).

FREE WILL IS AN ILLUSION, BIOLOGIST SAYS
Three different models explain the causal mechanism of free will and the flow of information between unconscious neural activity and conscious thought (GES = genes, environment, stochasticism).
In A, the intuitive model, there is no causal component for will. Will influences conscious thought, which in turn influences unconscious neural activity to direct behavior.
In B, a causal component of will is introduced: unconscious neural activity and GES. But now will loses its “freedom.”
In C, the model that Cashmore advocates, will is dispensed with. Conscious thought is simply a reflection of, rather than an influence on, unconscious neural activity, which directs behavior. The dotted arrow 2 in C indicates a subservient role of conscious thought in directing behavior.
“I would like to convince biologists that a belief in free will is nothing other than a continuing belief in vitalism (or, as I say, a belief in magic),” Cashmore told
Credit: Anthony Cashmore.

Quest graphic explaining how we hear and deafness.
by flickr

Conscious Decision & Movement
A graphic depicting the readiness potential of the brain - a neurological term for the preparation the brain goes through to perform actions before you’re consciously aware of the decision.
by flickr

Less cell, more speed (adolescent brain)

Pavlov’s dog



